• Pain in the center of the chest
• Tenderness over the breastbone
• Swelling or bruising
• Pain with deep breathing
• Pain with coughing or sneezing
• Pain with upper-body movement
• Grinding or clicking sensation

• Sharp pain over the breastbone
• Pain that worsens with breathing
• Tenderness when the center of the chest is touched
• Pain when coughing or laughing
• Discomfort when moving the arms or upper body
• Aching or pressure after a direct impact

• Motor vehicle collisions
• Seat belt impact
• Direct blow to the chest
• Contact sports
• Falls onto the chest
• Crushing injuries
• High-impact trauma

• Check whether pain began after a direct chest impact
• Look for bruising or swelling over the breastbone
• Notice whether deep breathing or coughing increases pain
• Check for tenderness in the center of the chest
• Do not repeatedly press on the injury
• Do not perform a self-check after major trauma

Educational only — not a medical diagnosis.

1. 1Stop sports and strenuous activity
2. 2Apply wrapped ice to reduce pain and swelling
3. 3Avoid heavy lifting and pushing
4. 4Seek prompt medical evaluation after significant trauma
5. 5Take slow deep breaths as tolerated
6. 6Follow pain-control and breathing instructions from a healthcare professional

• Difficulty breathing
• Irregular or rapid heartbeat
• Fainting or severe dizziness
• Coughing up blood
• Severe or worsening chest pain
• Cold or clammy skin
• Blue or pale lips
• Pain after a major collision or crushing injury

• Many uncomplicated fractures heal with nonsurgical care
• Use pain medication only as directed
• Practice breathing exercises if prescribed
• Avoid tightly wrapping the chest
• Return to lifting and sports gradually
• Attend follow-up appointments
• Seek care if breathing or chest pain worsens